June 2005-Supreme Court ruled on Grokster's legality. September 2003-RIAA against individual file-swappers.Īugust 2004-Appeals court Los Angeles Grokster ruling. October 2001-RIAA Kazaa, Grokster and MusicCity (now StreamCast Networks).įebruary 2002-Millions of Morpheus users of Kazaa's network overnight.Īpril 2003-Los Angeles court ruled Grokster for users' copyright infringement. March 2000-AOL subsidiary Nullsoft without corporate approval. Gnutella (including LimeWire, Bearshare, and later Morpheus), Kazaa, Grokster They also provided some legal shield, because companies could argue that they had no direct control over or knowledge of illegal activity on the networks.
These decentralized models made the networks stronger, because-in theory-they could survive the failure of their parent company. More sophisticated versions later streamlined this process, by allowing some computers to store information about nearby machines. The music industry was able to go after Napster and force it out of business in a relatively short period of time, but the same can’t be said for Limewire, which was allowed to operate almost. The last computer in line would then connect directly to the first for a download.
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